The Urban Heat Island Analysis for the City of Zagreb in the Period 2013–2022 Utilizing Landsat 8 Satellite Imagery

Urban Heat Island (UHI) is a phenomenon specific to urban areas where higher air temperatures manifest in the city area relation its surrounding rural landscape. Currently, UHI one of most dangerous environmental conditions for cities as well their residents. It expected that intensity will increase with climate change. This work presents an analysis City Zagreb, Croatia summertime period 2013–2022. In order explore UHI, Land Surface Temperature (LST) was calculated using Landsat 8 (OLI TIRS sensor) satellite imagery. After delineation were put NDVI (Normalised Difference Vegetation Index) and NDBI Built-Up indices study area. Results show similarity mean over observed period. However, influence external variables on UHI’s spatial expression observed. Forest-covered other green parts city’s infrastructure express lowest temperatures, while built-up sites are hottest points cities. confirm importance resilient present results long-term observation Southeast European city.